• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
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    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:SE0901092A1
    申请号:SE0901092
    申请日:2009-08-18
    公开日:2011-02-19
    发明作者:Hans Bergkvist
    申请人:Hans Bergkvist；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    holes, insert an undeformed pop-rivet, usually by hand, change tools to pull the pop-rivet pin and finally eliminate the cut-off pin.
    It would be a significant innovative step if a joining method without fasteners could be developed so that the technical problem of single-sided accessibility could be solved at the same time.
    Problem solving A main object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device by means of which two or more overlapping material parts can be mechanically joined together without fastening elements and where the joining process can be performed from one side of the overlapping material parts.
    The present invention solves the problems of the prior art in that it has the features F figure shown in the following claims Fig. 1 shows the principle of fl riveting and the resulting nit seam joint F ig. Fig. 2 shows the principle of stucco riveting. Fig. 3 shows the resulting stucco riveting Fig. 4 shows two overlapping material parts through which a hole is created, substantially perpendicular to the surface of the overlapping material parts Figs. 5a and 5b show how the edge of the hole expands and is pulled out substantially perpendicular to the surface of the overlapping material parts, so that a substantially concentric collar is formed by the overlapping material parts. Fig. 6 shows a cross section through the collar, which shows how parts of the overlapping material parts are connected mechanically with each other and locked together F ig. Fig. 7 shows how the dimensions of the collar will determine the strength of the mechanical joint and the reading of the overlapping material parts. Fig. 8 shows how the shape of the collar will determine the strength of the mechanical joint and the reading of the overlapping material parts. Fig. 9 shows an optional further deformation of the collar. where the original shape of the collar is further expanded outwards at its free end, the edge is folded over and compressed completely or partially against the surface of the overlapping material parts. Figs. 10-15 show a device for performing the intended task of mechanically connecting and locking the overlapping material parts. 16-21 show another device for performing the intended task of mechanically connecting and locking the overlapping material parts F ig. 22-25 show a third device for performing the intended task of mechanically connecting and locking the overlapping material parts Fig. 26-27 shows how a closed box profile can be mechanically connected and locked together with a surrounding structure Fig. 28 shows an example of how they forces required for the expansion and extraction process can largely be balanced by reaction forces against the overlapping material parts. Fig. 29-30 shows the situation when a device works in an existing hole created in another way than by the device itself. Fig. 31-33 shows a Detailed Operation of the Invention Method The present description of the invention is illustrated by a situation in which two overlapping pieces of material are joined together. That the method can apply in situations where the number of overlapping material parts is greater than two is obvious and is not described in detail in the following.
    Fig. 4 shows two overlapping material parts, A and B. The free surface of material part A is called the front surface (4.1). The free surface of material part B is called the rear surface (4.2).
    An existing or created hole (4.3) with a characteristic dimension D, substantially perpendicular to the front surface (4.1) and the rear surface (4,2) runs through the material parts A and B.
    Fig. 5a shows a shaft (5.1) starting behind the rear surface (4.2) and running substantially through the center (4.4) of the hole (4.3) and running substantially perpendicular to the rear surface (4.2) and the front surface (4.1). ) and extending beyond the front surface (4.1).
    Fig. 5b shows how, from the rear surface (4.2), the edge (4.5) of the hole formed in the overlapping material parts A and B, is expanded laterally outwards with respect to the shaft (5. 1) and is pulled out of the shaft (5.1). ) direction beyond the front surface (4.1) whereby a collar (5.2) substantially concentric with the shaft (5.1) is formed by the overlapping material parts A and B.
    Fig. 6 shows a cross section of the substantially concentric composite collar (5.2). It shows an outer collar part (6.1) which surrounds an inner collar part (6.2). The outer collar part (6.1) has been formed by material part A and the inner collar part (6.2) by material part B. The height of the outer collar part (6.1), ie. the distance from the free surface (6.3) of the outer collar part (6.1) to the front surface (4.1) is denoted by HO. The height of the inner collar part (6.2), ie. the distance from the free surface (6.4) of the inner collar part (6.2) to the front surface (4.1) is denoted by H1.
    The outer collar part (6.1), formed by material part A, surrounds the inner collar part (6.2), formed by material part B, which means that the two material parts A and B are mechanically connected to each other and locked together.
    Fig. 7 shows further details of the geometry of the collar. The outer collar part (6.1), formed by material part A, has the height HO. A typical dimension of its free end (6.3), measured perpendicular to the axis (5.1) is denoted DO. A typical dimension of the wall thickness of the outer collar part (6. 1) is denoted TO. The inner collar part (6.2), formed by material part B, has the height Hl. A typical dimension of its free end (6.4), measured perpendicular to the axis (5.1) is denoted DI. A typical dimension of the wall thickness of the inner collar part (6.2) is denoted T1.
    The shear strength of the formed mechanical joint, i.e. the strength in relation to forces acting substantially parallel to the front surface (4.1) and the rear surface (4.2), depends mainly on the height H1 of the inner collar part and its typical wall thickness T1. The larger these two dimensions are, the greater the shear strength of the joint.
    Fig. 8 shows how the shape of the composite collar (5.2) affects the strength of the created mechanical joint.
    As an illustration, a composite collar (8.1) is shown which is substantially in the shape of a truncated hollow cone beyond the front surface (4.1) and oriented so that the dimensions D0 and D1 grow with the distance from the front surface (4.1) along the axis (5.1). As in the situation illustrated in Fig. 5b, the inner collar part (8.2) formed by material part B is mechanically connected and locked inside the outer collar part (8.3) formed by material part A with respect to forces acting substantially parallel to the front surface (4.1 ) and the rear surface (4.2) of the respective material parts A and B.
    In addition, at least parts of the outer collar part (8.3) formed by material part A will be enclosed between the inner collar part (8.2) formed by material part B and the front surface (4.1) of material part A.
    In this way, the material parts A and B will be mechanically connected to each other and also locked with respect to forces acting substantially perpendicular to the front surface (4.1) and the rear surface (4.2) of the respective material parts A and B.
    Consequently, the material parts A and B will be mechanically connected to each other and locked with respect to forces acting on the material parts A and B, independent of the direction of these forces.
    F ig. 9 shows the effect of a further subsequent deformation of the free end (8.1) of the composite collar to the extent that the edge of the collar is folded over and completely or partially compressed against the front surface (4.1) of material part A.
    In this way, the material parts A and B will be further strongly mechanically connected to each other and locked with respect to forces acting on the material parts A and B, independent of the direction of these forces.
    Device As an illustration of a device that can achieve the results described above, your solutions are given, among others, in the following. To simplify the description, the device, which is substantially asymmetrical, has a front end denoted by the letter L while the rear end is denoted by the letter U.
    Fig. 10 shows the principle of the device. It consists of a frame (10.1) connected to a perforating element (10.2) at its front end and an expansion element (10.7) at its rear end.
    The device can in principle assume two distinct positions, a rest position and an activated position.
    The dimensions of the device are such that in the rest position the hollowing element (10.2) has larger dimensions, measured perpendicular to the axis of the device, than the body (10.1) and the expansion element (10.7). In the active position, at least parts of the expansion element have larger dimensions measured perpendicular to the axis of the device than the body (10. 1) and the hollowing element (10.2).
    The orientation of the expansion element in relation to the perforating element and its activation usually depends on how the device will be used, in traction mode or in sliding mode.
    When the device is used in traction mode, it is put into rest position through the existing or created hole, put into active state and retracted, whereby a composite collar of the overlapping material parts is formed as shown in Fig. 5b and whereby the material parts are mechanically connected and locked together. shows details in a realization of the expansion element (10.7), an expanding element (10.3), partly surrounded by an element consisting of blades for drawing material (10.4), schematically illustrated by two such pull blades (10.5) and (105). The blades are substantially free in the part which partially surrounds the expanding element (10.3) and are held together at the other end, for example by the elasticity of the structure which builds up the traction blades or by an elastic retaining ring not illustrated here.
    Fig. 11 shows the device in activated state. The widening element (10.3) has been fl extended towards the closed end of the traction blade element (10.4), whereby the traction blades expand laterally and substantially coaxially and which thereby gives the traction blades a larger circumference at their free end.
    Fig. 12 shows the situation when the hole-making element has created a hole in the overlapping material parts. To simplify the understanding, one can think of the hollowing element as a drill.
    Fig. 13 shows the situation when the main parts of the device have been passed through, along their axis, the hole formed.
    Fig. 14 shows how the device has now been activated by the extension of the expanding element in relation to the traction blades (10.4) as described in Fig. 11 above.
    Fig. 15 shows the situation after the device, in the active state, has been pulled through the created hole, whereby a composite collar of the overlapping material parts is formed as shown in Fig. 5b and whereby the material parts are mechanically connected to each other and locked together.
    The result shown in Fig. 5b has been obtained when the relative position of the expanding element (10.3) and the traction blades (10.4) is constant. By varying the mutual position between the expanding element and the traction blades in such a way that the circumference of the traction blades increases with the distance from the front surface (4.1), the result illustrated in Fig. 8 is achieved. Another device for achieving the results described above is described. in the following.
    Fig. 16 shows a substantially axi-symmetrical device whose front end is denoted by L and its rear end by U. A frame (16.1) is connected to a hollowing element (16.2). The frame contains one or more forming pins (16.3) and (16.4) which are retracted when the device is in the rest position. The perforating element has larger dimensions perpendicular to the axis of the device than the body and the circumference of the retracted forming pins. Fig. 17 shows the device in its active, forming state, where the forming pins have been extended so that the circumference has become larger than the dimensions of the hollowing element.
    Fig. 18 shows the situation when the perforating element has formed a hole in the overlapping material parts. To simplify the understanding, one can think of the hollowing element as a drill.
    Fig. 19 shows the situation when the main part of the device is passed through the formed hole along its axis, after which the forming pins have been pushed out so that they form a circumference which is larger than the dimensions of the hole-making element.
    Fig. 20 shows the situation after the device has been pulled, while the body holding the protruding forming pins has been rotated about the axis of the device, a composite collar of the overlapping material parts being formed as shown in Fig. 5b and the overlapping material parts being connected to each other and locked Together.
    The situation in Fig. 20 shows the result when the forming pins are pulled out to a fixed position. Fig. 21 shows the result when the forming pins of the device are pushed out further and further with the distance along the axis (5.1). In this way, a composite collar is formed with a shape shown in Fig. 8.
    The two types of devices illustrated above will give the described results also in cases where the hole through the overlapping material parts has been created in another way than with the hollowing element (10.2) and (16.2) respectively, provided that it otherwise formed the hole has a diameter large enough for the device to be pushed to the position shown in Figs. 29 and 30, respectively, and provided that the circumference of the elongated pull blades and the forming pins, respectively, in the active state of the device, is larger than the dimension of the otherwise formed hole.
    A third type of device is intended for situations where the hole is formed in another way than by the device itself and is shown in Fig. 22 Here, the element which is to expand and extend the hole has a scissor-like structure (22.1), oriented as in the two previously described the devices, a front end denoted by L and a rear end denoted by U and consisting of scissor legs (22.2) and (22.3) which are connected in pairs by an axis of rotation (22.4). The front part of the scissor legs has a wing-like extensions (22.5) and (22.6).
    Fig. 23 shows how the rear end of the scissor structure has been opened and the expanding and extending front part has been pushed in through the previously formed hole in the overlapping material parts.
    Fig. 24 shows how the scissor structure has been closed, whereby the circumference of the wing-like extensions of the scissor structure has become larger than the dimension of the hole.
    Fig. 25 shows the situation after the scissor structure has been pulled along the line of symmetry of the device and rotated about an axis along the line of symmetry, whereby a composite collar shown in Fig. 5b is formed by the overlapping material parts and whereby the overlapping material parts are mechanically connected to each other and locked together.
    Fig. 26 shows the situation where a process end of a device has been passed through a first pair of overlapping material parts in the upper part of the och gure and then a second pair of overlapping material parts in the lower part of the fi gure. This is typically the case when a closed drawer profile is enclosed in an open structure, which often occurs on the construction side where light steel profiles are used for trusses, floor joists, exterior wall panels and interior walls.
    Fig. 27 schematically shows the result when the device has been used. One can see how the box structure forms the outer part of the composite collar at the lower end, while the box structure forms the inner part of the composite collar at the upper end, thereby forming a particularly strong mechanical joint and locking the box structure with the surrounding open structure.
    Especially when the device forms part of a hand tool, the convenience of the operator will increase if the required force to pull the collar can be compensated by reaction forces directed towards the workpiece.
    As an example and illustration of this, F ig. 28 the main parts of such a construction. Fig. 28 shows two reaction rods (28.1) and (28.2) connected by a crossbeam (28.4). The rod (28.5) by means of which the pulling operation of the device is carried out is connected to another cross member (28.3) which can slide freely along the reaction rods (28.1) and (28.2). When now the forces (28.6) required for the drawing are activated on (28.5) and thus on (28.3) reaction forces arise on (28.4), and these forces (28.6) will be transmitted to the workpiece by (28.1) and (28.2). Because the device, so to speak, struts the workpiece, this means that the forces required for the towing operation will be substantially balanced so that the operator will not feel any, or at least insignificant, reaction forces.
    In addition, the reaction function, here illustrated by the rods (28. 1) and (28.2), but which can also be realized by, for example, a hollow cylinder whose center line runs along the axis of the device, will promote the desired local deformation of the overlapping material parts composite collars shown in Fig. 5b and Fig. 8 In the foregoing, devices used in traction mode have been described.
    Fig. 31 shows a device for use in slide mode. A body (31.1) carries a perforating element (31 .2) and an expansion element (31.3). When the device is used in sliding mode, Fig. 32, it is driven in active state through the existing or created hole, whereby a composite collar of the overlapping material parts is formed as shown in Fig. 5b and whereby the material parts are mechanically connected and locked together, after which the device is put into rest position, Fig. 33, and can be retracted through the formed composite collar.
    The result shown in Fig. 5b has been obtained when the expansion element is activated to a fixed position. By increasing the degree to which the expansion element is extended by the distance from the front surface (4.1), the result illustrated in Fig. 8 is achieved.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    A method for joining two or eller overlapping material parts, characterized in that the edge (4.5) of an existing or created hole (4.3) through and substantially perpendicular to said overlapping material parts, is extended with respect to a shaft (5.1) starting behind the rear surface (4.2) of said overlapping material parts, extending substantially through the center (4.4) of said hole, beyond the front surface (4.1) of said overlapping material parts and substantially perpendicular to said overlapping material parts, said strip extending substantially perpendicular to said overlapping material parts in the direction of said axis so that a composite collar (5.2) of substantially concentric shape is formed by said overlapping material parts which are thus mechanically connected to each other and locked together. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that said outwardly extending and said substantially perpendicular extension forming said composite collar is accomplished by a pulling movement on said overlapping material portions along said axis. A composite collar is reinforced by a rotating movement about said axis. A method according to claims 1-3, characterized in that said extension and said substantially perpendicular extension forming said composite collar is effected by an impact action on said overlapping material parts by one or more strokes along said axis. -4 characterized in that said extension and said substantially perpendicular extension forming said composite collar are facilitated and reinforced by supplying heat to said overlapping material parts. A method according to claims 1-5 characterized in that said formed The collar (8.1) is further extended with respect to said axis the greater the distance from said overlapping material parts along said axis. The method according to claims 1-6 characterized in that the free end of said composite collar is folded over and compressed completely or partially against the front surface. (4.1) of said overlapping material parts, Fig. 9, by an action in the opposite direction to said substantially perpendicular extension along said axis so as to further strengthen the mechanical connection of said overlapping material parts to each other and lock them together 8. Device for joining two or fl overlapping material parts according to the preceding claims, consisting of a substantially axially symmetrical structure comprising a body (10.1) connected to a hollowing element (10.2) at its front end (L), an expanding element (10.3), partly surrounded by a pull-blade element consisting of blades for pulling material (10.4), said blade being the substantially free in its front part, said front part surrounding said expanding element, and held together in its rear part by the elasticity of said traction blade element or an elastically holding ring, and where said expanding element can be displaced axially relative to said traction blade element from a rest position, Fig. 10, to an activated position, Fig. 11, and again to said rest position characterized in that in said rest position, said hollowing elements (10.2), have larger dimensions measured perpendicular to the axis of said device than said body (10.1), said widening element (10.3) and said traction blade element (10.4), and that in said activated position, said traction blade element is given a larger circumference than in said rest position and larger circumference than said hole, whereby said device in said activated state is pulled through the said perforating element formed said holes will form a composite collar (5.2) whereby said overlapping material parts will be mechanically connected and locked An apparatus for joining two or fl overlapping pieces of material according to the preceding claims, consisting of a substantially asymmetrical structure comprising a body (16.1) connected to a hollowing element (16.2) at its front end (L), and containing one or more fl your forming pins (16.3) and (16.4) which are retracted against the axis of said structure when said device is in the rest position, F lg. 16, and which can be extended relative to the axis of said structure when said device is in an activated position, Fig. 17, and again retracted into said rest position characterized in that in said rest position, said hollowing elements (16.2), have larger dimensions measured perpendicular to the axis of said device than said frame (16.1), with said forming pins retracted, and that in said activated position, said forming pins are extended to a larger circumference than in said rest position and larger circumference than said holes, wherein said device in said activated state is pulled during rotation about the axis of said device through the said hole formed by said perforating element will form a composite collar (5.2) whereby said overlapping material parts will be mechanically connected and locked together. 10. Device according to claims 8 and 9 characterized in that the extension of said traction blade element (10.4) and the projection of said forming pins (16.3) and (16.4) in said activated state are increased by the distance along said axis (5. 1) from said overlapping material parts so that a composite collar (8.1) is formed, whereby said overlapping material parts will be mechanically connected and locked together. 11. Device according to claims 8-10 without said hollowing elements (10.2) and (16.2), respectively, characterized in that said device has such a size measured perpendicular to said axis that said device in rest position can be slid through an existing hole to the position shown in Figs. 29 and 30 respectively and that the circumference of said traction element (10.4) and the circumference of the projecting forming pins (16.3) and (16.4) in said activated state are larger than the dimension of said existing hole 12. Device according to claims 8-11 characterized in that said device in said activated state is driven by the existing hole formed or said by said hollowing element, Fig. 32, so that said composite collar (5.2) is formed, whereby said overlapping material parts will be mechanically connected and locked s the device, after which said device is placed in said rest position, Fig. 33, and can be retracted through said formed composite collar 13. Device for use in cases where a hole exists in said overlapping material parts, consisting of a scissor-like structure with legs (22.2) and ( 22.3) connected in pairs by an axis of rotation (22.4) and where said legs at their front end (L) have wing-like extensions (22.5) and (22.6) characterized in that the greatest width is perpendicular to a line of symmetry of said scissor-like structure in open position , in said wing-like extensions (22.5) and (22.6) is less than the dimension of said existing holes, whereby said wing-like extensions can be passed through said existing holes, whereupon said scissor-like structure is closed and forms an active state, Figs. 24, whereby said wing-like extensions have a width perpendicular to said line of symmetry of said scissor-like structure exceeding the dimension of said existing hole, whereby said device in said activated state is pulled during rotation about an axis along said line of symmetry of said device through said hole collar (5.2) whereby said overlapping material parts will be mechanically connected and locked together. 14. Device according to claims 8-13, characterized in that the forces required to create said composite collar are substantially balanced by reaction forces against said overlapping material parts, Fig. 28 12
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    SE535447C2|2012-08-14|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    2021-03-30| NUG| Patent has lapsed|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE0901092A|SE535447C2|2009-08-18|2009-08-18|Method and apparatus for joining two or more overlapping material parts|SE0901092A| SE535447C2|2009-08-18|2009-08-18|Method and apparatus for joining two or more overlapping material parts|
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